During the 15th century much of civilization turned a corner, with Europe enjoying a movement known as the Renaissance, meaning rebirth. Ancient knowledge and wisdom lost after the Fall of Rome was rediscovered and manifested culturally and intellectually. Artistic geniuses – such as Filippo Brunelleschi, Leonardo da Vinci, and Albrecht Dürer – crafted masterpieces for the humanities; the seeds of the Reformation were planted by such figures as Johannes Gutenberg, Martin Luther, and Huldrych Zwingli; and in 1492 a New World was discovered in the West.
